RESUMO
Pexiganan, a cationic peptide, exhibited a broad range of anti-anaerobic antimicrobial activity. The MIC90s of studied isolates were as follows: Bacteroides fragilis, 16 µg/ml; other B. fragilis group spp., 4 µg/ml; Prevotella and Fusobacterium spp., 32 µg/ml; Porphyromonas spp., 64 µg/ml; Propionibacterium acnes, 4 µg/ml; Eggerthella lenta and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, 32 µg/ml; other Gram-positive rods and cocci, 4 µg/ml; Clostridium perfringens, 128 µg/ml; and other clostridia, 256 µg/ml. Pexiganan cream shows potential as adjunctive therapy for skin and skin structure infections (SSSIs) involving anaerobes.
Assuntos
Anaerobiose/fisiologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos/farmacologia , Dermatopatias Infecciosas/microbiologia , Pele/microbiologia , Actinobacteria/efeitos dos fármacos , Actinobacteria/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Actinobacteria/isolamento & purificação , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Antibacterianos/síntese química , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos/síntese química , Bacteroides fragilis/efeitos dos fármacos , Bacteroides fragilis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Bacteroides fragilis/isolamento & purificação , Canadá , Clostridium perfringens/efeitos dos fármacos , Clostridium perfringens/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Clostridium perfringens/isolamento & purificação , Firmicutes/efeitos dos fármacos , Firmicutes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Firmicutes/isolamento & purificação , Fusobacterium/efeitos dos fármacos , Fusobacterium/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Fusobacterium/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Peptostreptococcus/efeitos dos fármacos , Peptostreptococcus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Peptostreptococcus/isolamento & purificação , Porphyromonas/efeitos dos fármacos , Porphyromonas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Porphyromonas/isolamento & purificação , Prevotella/efeitos dos fármacos , Prevotella/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Prevotella/isolamento & purificação , Propionibacterium acnes/efeitos dos fármacos , Propionibacterium acnes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Propionibacterium acnes/isolamento & purificação , Pele/patologia , Dermatopatias Infecciosas/patologia , Suécia , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Animal bite wounds affect more than 5 million Americans annually, resulting in 300,000 emergency department visits, 10,000 hospitalizations, and an untold number of physician office visits. Various forms of topical therapy are empirically self-employed by many patients prior to seeking medical attention. Pexiganan, a 22-amino-acid synthetic cationic analogue of the peptide magainin II, acts by selectively damaging bacterial cell membranes. We determined the MICs for pexiganan and other antimicrobial agents often used for treatment of bite wounds. Most isolates were from U.S. patients, and â¼10% were from European and Canadian patients. The comparator antimicrobials studied were penicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, piperacillin-tazobactam, meropenem, clindamycin, doxycycline, moxifloxacin, ceftriaxone, linezolid, and metronidazole. The MIC90s of pexiganan were 32 µg/ml (against Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida), 16 µg/ml (P. multocida subsp. septica, Pasteurella canis, and Pasteurella dagmatis), 8 µg/ml (Pasteurella stomatis), 8 µg/ml (Eikenella corrodens), 2 µg/ml (Neisseria weaveri, Neisseria zoodegmatis, and Moraxella canis-Moraxella lacunata group), 16 µg/ml (Bergeyella zoohelcum), 64 µg/ml (Bacteroides pyogenes), 4 µg/ml (Fusobacterium russii), 32 µg/ml (Fusobacterium canifelinum), and 64 µg/ml (Prevotella heparinolytica). The concentration of pexiganan in the cream used was 8,000 µg/ml, more than 60 to 100 times the highest MIC obtained. Pexiganan exhibited a broad range of antimicrobial activity, showing potential for treating animal bite infections. A clinical trial seems warranted.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos/farmacologia , Ácido Penicilânico/análogos & derivados , Combinação Amoxicilina e Clavulanato de Potássio/farmacologia , Animais , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Bactérias Anaeróbias/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias Anaeróbias/metabolismo , Mordeduras e Picadas/microbiologia , Clindamicina/farmacologia , Doxiciclina/farmacologia , Fluoroquinolonas/farmacologia , Linezolida/farmacologia , Meropeném , Metronidazol/farmacologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Moxifloxacina , Pasteurella/efeitos dos fármacos , Pasteurella/patogenicidade , Ácido Penicilânico/farmacologia , Penicilinas/farmacologia , Piperacilina/farmacologia , Combinação Piperacilina e Tazobactam , Tienamicinas/farmacologiaRESUMO
We compared the eSwab system to a swab with an anaerobic transport semisolid agar system for their capacities to maintain the viability of 20 species of fastidious anaerobes inoculated on the bench and held at ambient or refrigerator temperature for 24 or 48 h. On average, both systems maintained similar viabilities among analogous groups of organisms at both temperatures, although there were quantitative differences among some species.
Assuntos
Bactérias Anaeróbias/fisiologia , Bactérias Anaeróbias/efeitos da radiação , Meios de Cultura/química , Viabilidade Microbiana/efeitos da radiação , Manejo de Espécimes/métodos , TemperaturaRESUMO
Cycloserine-cefoxitin fructose agar (CCFA), CCFA with horse blood and taurocholate (CCFA-HT), and cycloserine-cefoxitin mannitol broth with taurocholate and lysozyme (CCMB-TAL) were compared for recovery of Clostridium difficile from 120 stool specimens. Compared to CCFA, CCFA-HT enhanced C. difficile growth and improved recovery by 4%. In a separate study, 9% (8/91) of stool samples previously C. difficile negative on plate medium were C. difficile positive when cultured in CCMB-TAL.
